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Complete Health Indicator Report of Depression: Adult Prevalence

Definition

The percentage of adults aged 18 and above who have ever been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professionals that they have a depressive disorder, including depression, major depression, dysthymia, or minor depression.

Numerator

The number of adults aged 18 and above who have ever been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that they have a depressive disorder, including depression, major depression, dysthymia, or minor depression.

Denominator

Adults aged 18 and above.

Data Interpretation Issues

Question Text: "Has a doctor, nurse, or other health professional EVER told you that you have a depressive disorder, including depression, major depression, dysthymia, or minor depression?" NOTE: The question asks about lifetime diagnosis and does not reflect current major depression. As with all surveys, some error results from nonresponse (e.g., refusal to participate in the survey or to answer specific questions), and measurement (e.g., social desirability or recall bias). Error was minimized by use of strict calling protocols, good questionnaire design, standardization of interviewer behavior, interviewer training, and frequent, on-site interviewer monitoring and supervision.

Why Is This Important?

Approximately 21.0%* of adults in the U.S. experienced some kind of mental illness during 2020^1^. Mental disorders like depression and anxiety can affect people's ability to take part in healthy behaviors. Similarly, physical health problems can make it harder for people to get treatment for mental disorders. Increasing screening for mental disorders can help people get the treatment they need^2^. Approximately 8.4% of adults suffered from at least one episode of major depression in 2020^3^. Major depression is defined as having severe symptoms that interfere with a person's ability to work, sleep, study, eat, and enjoy life. Symptoms of major depression may include fatigue or loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, impaired concentration, loss of interest in daily activities, appetite or weight changes, sleep changes, and recurring thoughts of death or suicide. Despite the availability of effective treatments for major depression, such as medications and/or psychotherapeutic techniques, it often goes unrecognized and untreated.^4^[[br]] [[br]] ---- 1. National Institute of Mental Health. ''Any Mental Illness (AMI) Among U.S. Adults''. Retrieved from [https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/mental-illness.shtml] on October 18, 2022. [[br]] 2. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. ''Healthy People 2030''. With Understanding and Improving Health and Objectives for Improving Health. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, November 2000 [https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/browse-objectives/mental-health-and-mental-disorders].[[br]] 3. National Institute of Mental Health. ''Major Depression Among Adults''. Retrieved from [https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/prevalence/major-depression-among-adults.shtml] on October 18, 2022. [[br]] 4. National Alliance on Mental Illness Retrieved from [http://www.nami.org/Learn-More/Mental-Health-Conditions/Depression] on October 18, 2022.

Healthy People Objective MHMD-11:

Increase depression screening by primary care providers
U.S. Target: Not applicable, see subobjectives in this category

Other Objectives

Related to Healthy People 2030 Objective MHMD-11: Increase depression screening by primary care providers.

How Are We Doing?

In Utah, adult women (32.1%) had significantly higher rates of doctor-diagnosed depression than men (16.3%) in 2021. Combined years 2019-2021 Utah data showed the following: * Hispanic (18.9%), Asian (9.2%), and Pacific Islander (15.6%) adults reported lower lifetime depression than the State rate. White adults (24.7%) reported higher lifetime depression than the state rate. * Adults with a household income less than $25,000 (34.7%) and those with a household income $25,000-$49,999 (27.6%) had significantly higher rates of lifetime doctor-diagnosed depression, while adults with an income greater than $75,000 (19.2%) had lower rates of lifetime depression. * Depression also varied by education. Utah adults aged 25 and above with a college education (19.5%) had a lower rate of doctor-diagnosed depression than adult Utahns with less education. * Adults in Utah County (22.1%), Southwest (20.9%), Wasatch (18.7%), and Summit County Local Health District (17.1%) reported lower rates of doctor-diagnosed depression than the state rate. Tooele County (27.8%) and Weber-Morgan (26.3%) had a rate significantly higher than the state rate. * Among Utah Small Areas, Salt Lake City (Downtown) (31.7%), Sandy (Center) (31.6%), South Salt Lake (30.9%), Midvale (30.7%), Ogden (Downtown) (30.6%), Daybreak (30.2%), South Ogden (30.0%), Clearfield/Hooper (29.7%), Murray (29.6%), Tooele Valley (28.6%), and Carbon County (28.4%) had higher rates of doctor-diagnosed depression than the state rate. Mapleton (11.7%), San Juan County (Other) (12.2%), Park City (14.4%), Southwest LHD (16.8%), Millcreek (East) (17.2%), Provo (West City Center) (18.1%), Lehi (18.6%), and Wasatch County (18.7%) had lower rates than the state rate.

How Do We Compare With the U.S.?

Utah has consistently higher rates of self-reported lifetime depression than the U.S. rate (24.2% vs. 20.1% in 2021).

What Is Being Done?

The Utah Department of Health and Huma Services Violence and Injury Prevention Program (VIPP) partnered with the Division of Substance and Mental Health (DSAMH) to facilitate the Suicide Prevention Coalition and Suicide Fatality Reviews. In addition, six local health districts (Bear River, Davis, Summit, Tooele, Utah, Weber-Morgan) have been funded to do suicide prevention activities such as promoting mental health resources and help-seeking behavior, distributing gun locks to reduce access to lethal means, and training the community in suicide prevention using evidence-based/promising practice programs like Signs of Suicide, Question, Persuade, Refer (QPR), Working Minds, and SafeTALK. These trainings promote suicide first aid by teaching individuals to recognize the warning signs of suicide, how to offer hope, and how to refer to resources and save a life.

Evidence-based Practices

Evidence based practices for suicide prevention and media messaging can be found on [http://https://vipp.health.utah.gov/suicide-prevention/].

Available Services

The Utah Department of Human Services Division of Substance Abuse and Mental Health (DSAMH) is the state agency responsible for ensuring that mental health services are available statewide. The Division also acts as a resource by providing general information, research results, and statistics to the public regarding substances of abuse and mental health services. The Division contracts with Community Mental Health Centers (CMHC) to provide these services and monitors these centers through site visits, a year-end review process, and a peer review process. Address:[[br]] Department of Human Services[[br]] Division of Substance Abuse and Mental Health[[br]] 195 North 1950 West[[br]] Salt Lake City, UT 84116 Phone: (801) 538-3939[[br]] Fax: (801) 538-9892[[br]] [http://dsamh.utah.gov/]


Related Indicators

Relevant Population Characteristics

The proportion of adults who reported ever being told they had a depressive disorder varies by a number of population characteristics including age, sex, income, and education.

Related Relevant Population Characteristics Indicators:


Health Care System Factors

Because people with chronic health conditions may also be at greater risk for depression, it is important that primary care providers assess their patients with chronic physical conditions for depression. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was developed to be used by primary care providers for screening, diagnosing, and measuring the severity of depression. The PHQ-9 was adapted for telephone health surveys and is asked on the Utah Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance in some years.^1^[[br]] [[br]] ---- 1. Utah Health Status Update: Major Depression, October 2014, Utah Department of Health, available at: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/pdf/opha/publication/hsu/2014/1410_Depression.pdf]

Related Health Care System Factors Indicators:


Risk Factors

Utah adults who reported chronic illnesses and/or poor health status in general, were also more likely to have reported having ever been told they had a depressive disorder. It is known that behavioral health problems often co-occur with chronic diseases and may exacerbate poor health outcomes.

Related Risk Factors Indicators:


Health Status Outcomes

In attempts to deal with the pain of depression, some people with depression turn to drugs, alcohol, and other harmful behaviors that can endanger their lives.

Related Health Status Outcomes Indicators:




Graphical Data Views

Depression Prevalence, Utah and U.S., 2011-2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Utah vs. U.S.YearAge-adjusted Percentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 22
Utah201121.9%21.0%22.9%
Utah201220.8%19.9%21.8%
Utah201321.8%20.9%22.7%
Utah201420.8%20.0%21.6%
Utah201520.8%19.9%21.8%
Utah201621.5%20.5%22.6%
Utah201722.5%21.5%23.6%
Utah201824.2%23.2%25.3%
Utah201923.0%22.0%24.0%
Utah202023.1%22.1%24.2%
Utah202123.4%22.9%24.0%
U.S.201116.7%16.5%16.9%
U.S.201216.8%16.6%17.0%
U.S.201317.6%17.4%17.8%
U.S.201418.1%17.9%18.3%
U.S.201517.6%17.4%17.8%
U.S.201617.3%17.0%17.6%
U.S.201719.3%19.0%19.5%
U.S.201818.6%18.4%18.8%
U.S.201919.1%18.8%19.3%
U.S.202018.8%18.5%19.1%
U.S.202120.1%19.8%20.3%

Data Notes

The question asks about lifetime diagnosis and does not reflect current major depression. [[br]] IBIS data source link: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/ibisph-view/query/builder/brfss/LandlineCellAgeAdj5_AwareDep/AwareDep.html].   [[br]] [[br]] Age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population. [[br]] Age-adjustment groups were 18-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-64, 65+.

Data Sources

  • The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)
  • Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Data, US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).


Depression Prevalence by Age and Sex, Utah, 2019-2021

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confidence limits

Males vs. FemalesAge GroupPercentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 24
Male18-2422.9%20.6%25.4%
Male25-3420.3%18.5%22.3%
Male35-4416.7%15.2%18.4%
Male45-5412.8%11.3%14.4%
Male55-6414.1%12.6%15.8%
Male65-7413.5%12.0%15.3%
Male75-848.1%6.5%10.2%
Male85+4.6%2.8%7.4%
Female18-2436.9%33.8%40.0%
Female25-3435.3%33.0%37.7%
Female35-4431.6%29.6%33.7%
Female45-5429.5%27.4%31.7%
Female55-6429.6%27.5%31.8%
Female65-7425.7%23.6%27.8%
Female75-8417.7%15.5%20.1%
Female85+9.7%7.3%12.8%
Total18-2429.7%27.8%31.7%
Total25-3427.7%26.2%29.2%
Total35-4424.1%22.8%25.5%
Total45-5421.0%19.7%22.4%
Total55-6422.0%20.6%23.4%
Total65-7419.8%18.5%21.2%
Total75-8413.3%11.9%14.9%
Total85+7.6%6.0%9.7%

Data Notes

The question asks about lifetime diagnosis and does not reflect current major depression. [[br]] IBIS data source link: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/ibisph-view/query/builder/brfss/LandlineCellAgeAdj5_AwareDep/AwareDep.html]

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)


Depression Prevalence by Ethnicity, Utah, 2019-2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Hispanic EthnicityAge-adjusted Percentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 3
Hispanic/Latino18.9%17.2%20.8%
Non-Hispanic/Latino24.3%23.7%25.0%
All Ethnicities23.4%22.9%24.0%

Data Notes

The question asks about lifetime diagnosis and does not reflect current major depression. [[br]] IBIS data source link: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/ibisph-view/query/builder/brfss/LandlineCellAgeAdj5_AwareDep/AwareDep.html].   [[br]] Age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population. [[br]]

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)


Depression Prevalence by Race, Utah, 2019-2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

RaceAge-adjusted Percentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 6
American Indian/Alaska Native22.7%18.6%27.4%
Asian9.2%6.6%12.7%
Black, African American20.9%16.0%26.8%
Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander15.6%10.1%23.4%
White24.7%24.1%25.3%
All Races23.4%22.9%24.0%

Data Notes

The question asks about lifetime diagnosis and does not reflect current major depression. [[br]] IBIS data source link: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/ibisph-view/query/builder/brfss/LandlineCellAgeAdj5_AwareDep/AwareDep.html].   [[br]] [[br]] Age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population using three age groups (18-34, 35-49, 50+).

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)


Depression Prevalence by Local Health District, Utah, 2019-2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Local Health DistrictAge-adjusted Percentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 14
Bear River24.4%22.1%26.8%
Central22.1%19.5%25.0%
Davis County25.3%23.4%27.2%
Salt Lake County24.2%23.2%25.3%
San Juan18.1%13.4%24.1%
Southeast25.5%22.0%29.4%
Southwest20.9%18.7%23.2%
Summit17.1%13.2%21.9%
Tooele27.8%24.6%31.3%
TriCounty20.8%18.1%23.7%
Utah County22.1%20.9%23.4%
Wasatch18.7%14.9%23.2%
Weber-Morgan26.3%24.2%28.5%
State of Utah23.4%22.9%24.0%

Data Notes

The question asks about lifetime diagnosis and does not reflect current major depression. [[br]] IBIS data source link: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/ibisph-view/query/builder/brfss/LandlineCellAgeAdj5_AwareDep/AwareDep.html].   [[br]] Prior to 2015 San Juan County was part of the Southeast Local Health District. In 2015 the San Juan County Local Health District was formed. Data reported are for all years using the current boundaries.[[br]] Age-adjusted to the 2000 standard U.S. population.

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)


Depression Prevalence by Utah Small Area, 2019-2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Utah Small AreasAge-adjusted Percentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper LimitNote
Record Count: 100
Brigham City29.0%22.6%36.3%
Box Elder Co (Other) V219.2%12.4%28.7%
Tremonton22.1%15.2%31.1%
Logan V223.1%19.1%27.7%
North Logan29.3%22.5%37.1%
Cache (Other)/Rich (All) V220.0%14.9%26.4%
Hyrum32.9%22.0%46.1%
Smithfield25.5%17.1%36.1%
Ben Lomond26.3%22.3%30.9%
Weber County (East)21.6%16.7%27.3%
Morgan County19.7%11.9%30.9%
Ogden (Downtown)30.6%25.1%36.7%
South Ogden30.0%24.6%35.9%
Roy/Hooper26.6%21.5%32.5%
Riverdale27.6%21.3%35.1%
Clearfield Area/Hooper29.7%25.2%34.5%
Layton/South Weber25.6%21.9%29.6%
Kaysville/Fruit Heights21.4%16.4%27.4%
Syracuse27.2%21.1%34.4%
Centerville26.1%17.6%36.7%
Farmington26.8%19.6%35.5%
North Salt Lake19.4%13.2%27.6%
Woods Cross/West Bountiful17.7%11.3%26.5%
Bountiful22.9%18.2%28.3%
SLC (Rose Park)23.9%18.4%30.5%
SLC (Avenues)27.5%20.7%35.4%
SLC (Foothill/East Bench)21.3%15.0%29.3%
Magna29.9%23.3%37.3%
SLC (Glendale) V231.1%23.4%40.1%
West Valley (Center)24.0%19.0%29.8%
West Valley (West) V219.3%13.9%26.2%
West Valley (East) V223.8%19.1%29.3%
SLC (Downtown) V231.7%25.7%38.4%
SLC (Southeast Liberty)25.8%18.7%34.4%
South Salt Lake30.9%24.3%38.4%
SLC (Sugar House)24.0%19.1%29.8%
Millcreek (South)18.7%12.9%26.3%
Millcreek (East)17.2%12.5%23.2%
Holladay V229.9%22.6%38.3%
Cottonwood19.0%14.1%25.2%
Kearns V225.0%19.6%31.2%
Taylorsville (E)/Murray (W)26.3%20.9%32.5%
Taylorsville (West)24.2%19.0%30.2%
Murray29.5%23.6%36.3%
Midvale30.7%24.7%37.5%
West Jordan (Northeast) V219.7%14.8%25.8%
West Jordan (Southeast)22.5%17.5%28.3%
West Jordan (W)/Copperton21.1%16.1%27.1%
South Jordan V219.9%15.2%25.7%
Daybreak30.2%24.0%37.3%
Sandy (West)24.7%18.6%32.1%
Sandy (Center) V231.6%24.9%39.2%
Sandy (Northeast)15.9%10.2%23.8%
Sandy (Southeast)23.3%18.0%29.7%
Draper22.4%16.9%29.1%
Riverton/Bluffdale24.4%19.8%29.8%
Herriman22.5%18.0%27.7%
Tooele County (Other)22.5%16.7%29.7%
Tooele Valley28.6%24.9%32.6%
Eagle Mountain/Cedar Valley23.8%18.4%30.1%
Lehi18.6%15.2%22.7%
Saratoga Springs18.1%13.3%24.1%
American Fork19.2%15.2%23.8%
Alpine22.3%13.2%35.0%
Pleasant Grove/Lindon23.9%19.9%28.4%
Orem (North)25.3%20.5%30.7%
Orem (West)28.5%23.0%34.8%
Orem (East)26.6%19.9%34.6%
Provo/BYU20.3%15.9%25.4%
Provo (West City Center)18.1%13.9%23.3%
Provo (East City Center)24.0%17.7%31.8%
Salem City27.2%18.2%38.5%
Spanish Fork25.2%20.3%30.8%
Springville27.8%22.3%34.2%
Mapleton11.7%6.7%19.7%*
Utah County (South) V224.2%17.4%32.6%
Payson24.3%19.0%30.5%
Park City14.4%9.2%21.8%
Summit County (East)21.7%15.7%29.3%
Wasatch County18.7%14.9%23.2%
Daggett and Uintah County20.6%17.7%23.8%
Duchesne County21.5%16.9%27.0%
Nephi/Mona23.2%15.1%33.8%
Delta/Fillmore18.7%11.8%28.3%
Sanpete Valley22.7%17.5%28.8%
Central (Other)20.7%16.0%26.5%
Richfield/Monroe/Salina25.7%20.2%32.2%
Carbon County28.4%23.7%33.7%
Emery County21.5%15.3%29.4%
Grand County21.3%14.6%30.1%
Blanding/Monticello20.3%14.3%28.0%
San Juan County (Other)12.2%6.7%21.2%
St. George21.0%17.5%25.1%
Washington Co (Other) V216.3%9.5%26.7%
Washington City26.2%18.9%35.1%
Hurricane/La Verkin23.3%16.4%32.0%
Ivins/Santa Clara18.5%10.8%29.7%
Cedar City22.2%17.7%27.6%
Southwest LHD (Other)16.8%12.2%22.8%
State of Utah23.4%22.9%24.0%

Data Notes

The question asks about lifetime diagnosis and does not reflect current major depression. [[br]] IBIS data source link: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/ibisph-view/query/builder/brfss/LandlineCellAgeAdj5_AwareDep/AwareDep.html].   [[br]] [[br]] Age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population. A description of the Utah Small Areas may be found on IBIS at the following URL: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/resource/Guidelines.html].

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)


Depression Prevalence by Education, Utah Adults Aged 25+, 2019-2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Education LevelAge-adjusted Percentage of Adults Aged 25+Lower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 5
Less Than High School21.6%19.0%24.4%
H.S. Grad or G.E.D.22.8%21.5%24.1%
Some Post High School25.6%24.5%26.7%
College Graduate19.5%18.6%20.3%
Total22.5%21.9%23.1%

Data Notes

The question asks about lifetime diagnosis and does not reflect current major depression. [[br]] IBIS data source link: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/ibisph-view/query/builder/brfss/LandlineCellAgeAdj5_AwareDep/AwareDep.html].   [[br]] [[br]] Age-adjusted to the U.S. 2000 standard population

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)


Depression Prevalence by Income, Utah, 2019-2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Income CategoryAge-adjusted Percentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 5
<$25,00034.7%32.7%36.9%
$25,000-$49,99927.6%26.1%29.2%
$50,000-$74,99924.6%23.1%26.2%
$75,000+19.2%18.3%20.1%
Total23.4%22.9%24.0%

Data Notes

The question asks about lifetime diagnosis and does not reflect current major depression. [[br]] IBIS data source link: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/ibisph-view/query/builder/brfss/LandlineCellAgeAdj5_AwareDep/AwareDep.html].   [[br]] [[br]] Age-adjusted to the U.S. 2000 standard population.

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)

More Resources and Links

Evidence-based community health improvement ideas and interventions may be found at the following sites:
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) WONDER Database, a system for disseminating Public Health data and information.
  • United States Census Bureau data dashboard.
  • Utah healthy Places Index Map, evidence-based and peer-reviewed and supports efforts to prioritize equitable community investments, develop critical programs and policies across the state, and much more.
  • County Health Rankings
  • Kaiser Family Foundation's StateHealthFacts.org
  • Medical literature can be queried at PubMedlibrary.



Page Content Updated On 10/18/2022, Published on 11/16/2022
The information provided above is from the Department of Health's Center for Health Data IBIS-PH web site (http://ibis.health.state.gov). The information published on this website may be reproduced without permission. Please use the following citation: " Retrieved Sat, 30 September 2023 14:35:20 from Department of Health, Center for Health Data, Indicator-Based Information System for Public Health Web site: http://ibis.health.state.gov ".

Content updated: Wed, 16 Nov 2022 10:54:15 MST