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Complete Health Indicator Report of Daily Vegetable Consumption

Definition

The percentage of adults who reported consuming vegetables at least three times peer day in the past month.

Numerator

The number of survey respondents who reported consuming vegetables at least three times per day in the past month.

Denominator

The total number of survey respondents.

Data Interpretation Issues

Vegetable questions were revised in 2011, so rates cannot be compared with the years prior to 2011. To reduce bias and more accurately represent population data, the BRFSS has changed survey methodology in 2010 and began conducting surveys by cellular phone in addition to landline phones. It also adopted "iterative proportional fitting" (raking) as its weighting method. More details about these changes can be found at: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/pdf/opha/resource/brfss/RakingImpact2011.pdf/ Raking Fact Sheet 2011].

Why Is This Important?

Fruits, as well as vegetables, contain essential vitamins, minerals, fiber, and other compounds that may help prevent many chronic diseases. Compared with people who consume a diet with only small amounts of fruits and vegetables, those who eat more generous amounts as part of a healthful diet are likely to have reduced risk of chronic diseases, including stroke and perhaps other cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers^1^. Fruits and vegetables also help people to achieve and maintain a healthy weight because they are relatively low in energy density^2^. To promote health and prevent chronic diseases, the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend two cups of fruit per day for a standard 2,000 calorie diet, with recommendations based on an individual's age, gender, and activity level^3^. [[br]][[br]] ---- 1. CDC. ''Can eating fruits and vegetables help people to manage their weight?'' [http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/nutrition/pdf/rtp_practitioner_10_07.pdf/ (Research to Practice Series No. 1)] [[br]] 2. CDC. [https://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/nutrition/pdf/r2p_energy_density.pdf/ "Low-Energy-Dense Foods and Weight Management: Cutting Calories While Controlling Hunger." ] [[br]] 3. U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025. 9th Edition. December 2020. Available at DietaryGuidelines.gov.

Healthy People Objective NWS-15:

Increase the variety and contribution of vegetables to the diets of the population aged 2 years and older
U.S. Target: Not applicable, see subobjectives in this category

Other Objectives

Increase the proportion of persons aged 18 years and older who consume vegetables at least three times a day. [[br]] '''Utah Target:''' 18%[[br]] [[br]] ====Healthy People Objective NWS-15 subobjectives:==== *{{style color:#003366 NWS-15.1:}} Increase the contribution of total vegetables to the diets of the population aged 2 years and older[[br]] '''U.S. Target:''' 1.16 cup equivalent per 1,000 calories *{{style color:#003366 NWS-15.2:}} Increase the contribution of dark green vegetables, red and orange vegetables, and beans and peas to the diets of the population aged 2 years and older[[br]] '''U.S. Target:''' 0.53 cup equivalent per 1,000 calories

How Are We Doing?

Only 12.6% of Utah adults in 2021 reported eating vegetables three or more times a day in the past month (age-adjusted rate).

How Do We Compare With the U.S.?

The percentageof adults consuming three servings of vegetables per day has generally declined since 2011 for Utah (12.6% of adults in 2021) and the U.S. (13.7% of adults in 2021).

What Is Being Done?

The Utah Department of Health and Human Service's Healthy Environments Active Living (HEAL) Program plays a key role in improving the health of residents in the state of Utah. The program was formed in July 2013 (as Healthy Living through Environment, Policy, and Improved Clinical Care: EPICC), through a new funding opportunity from the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that allowed for the merging of three previously existing programs: the Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention Program, the Diabetes Prevention and Control Program, and the Physical Activity, Nutrition and Obesity Program, as well as the addition of a school health program. HEAL was recently restructured as part of a strategic planning process and the new program model focuses on staff and partners working together to address the social determinants of health while advancing health equity and increasing policy, systems and environmental changes. HEAL works: In schools:[[br]] HEAL encourages schools to adopt the Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program. This framework encourages students to be physically active for 60 minutes a day through school, home, and community activities. HEAL also tracks height and weight trends in elementary school students. In worksites:[[br]] HEAL offers training on developing worksite wellness programs called Work@Health. HEAL partners with local health departments to encourage worksites to complete the CDC Scorecard and participate in yearly health risk assessments for their employees. HEAL provides toolkits and other resources for employers interested in implementing wellness programs [https://heal.health.utah.gov/worksite-wellness/ Worksite Wellness]. In communities:[[br]] HEAL receives federal funding to partner with worksites and community-based organizations to increase access to fresh fruits and vegetables in worksite and community settings. HEAlL also partners with LHDs to work with cities and/or counties within their jurisdictions to create a built environment that encourages physical activity. In healthcare:[[br]] HEAL works with health care systems to establish community clinical linkages to support individuals at risk for or diagnosed with diabetes or hypertension to engage in lifestyle change programs such as chronic disease self-management and diabetes prevention programs. In childcare:[[br]] HEAL works with state and local partners through the Childcare Obesity Prevention workgroup to implement policy and systems changes in early care and education across agencies statewide. Ten local health departments statewide have implemented the TOP Star program, which aims to improve the nutrition, physical activity, and breastfeeding policies and environments and achieve best practices in childcare centers and homes.[[br]]

Available Services

Visit [http://heal.health.utah.gov/ HEAL website] for more information. The [http://www.choosemyplate.gov/ USDA My Plate] food guidance system provides consumer tools in English and Spanish to meet the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, including individualized plans, tools to track intake, and plans for early childhood, pregnancy, and lactation. The [https://www.uspm.com/fruits-and-veggies-more-matters/ Fruits and Veggies: More Matters] and [http://www.pbhfoundation.org/ Produce for Better Health] websites include educational brochures, recipes, and consumer tips for selecting, storing, and preparing vegetables.

Health Program Information

HEAL is a program within the Utah Department of Health and Human Services Office of Health Promotion and Prevention. HEAL focuses on enabling education and engaged change for public health by engaging its three main audiences: individuals, partners, and decision makers. HEAL champions public health initiatives and addresses the challenges of making health awareness and access truly universal and equitable in eight key areas: nutrition, heart health, diabetes, physical activity, schools, childcare, community health workers, and worksites. Staff from the HEAL Program work with health care providers, including diabetes educators, dietitians, pharmacists, community health centers, community health workers, work-sites, and health plans to improve the care provided to Utahns with diabetes. Overarching goals: Healthy people: Increase access to resources that empower all people in Utah to reach their full health potential. Healthy communities: Increase the capacity of communities to support and promote healthy living for all individuals. Equitable society: Increase opportunities for people who are under-resourced and under-represented in Utah to live healthy and thriving lives.


Related Indicators

Relevant Population Characteristics

Adults with highest vegetable consumption were women, adults with high levels of education, and adults with high levels of income.

Related Relevant Population Characteristics Indicators:


Risk Factors

There is some evidence that people who develop the habit of eating fruits and vegetables early in life are likely to maintain the behavior as adults.[[br]] [[br]]

Related Risk Factors Indicators:


Health Status Outcomes

People who eat few fruits and vegetables are at higher risk for developing several types of cancer, heart disease, stroke, and other chronic diseases.

Related Health Status Outcomes Indicators:




Graphical Data Views

Vegetables Consumed Three or More Times Per Day, Utah and U.S., 2011-2021 (Odd Years)

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

The percentage of adults consuming three servings of vegetables per day have had a slight downward trend for both Utah and the U.S. since 2011. Data are collected in odd years.
BRFSS Utah vs. U.S.YearAge-adjusted Percentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 13
UT New Methodology201116.7%15.8%17.5%
UT New Methodology201218.2%16.4%20.1%
UT New Methodology201317.6%16.7%18.4%
UT New Methodology201517.2%16.3%18.1%
UT New Methodology201713.5%12.7%14.4%
UT New Methodology201912.5%11.8%13.4%
UT New Methodology202112.6%11.8%13.5%
US New Methodology201115.4%15.1%15.6%
US New Methodology201316.2%16.0%16.4%
US New Methodology201516.8%16.5%17.0%
US New Methodology201715.9%15.6%16.1%
US New Methodology201914.6%14.3%14.8%
US New Methodology202113.7%13.4%14.0%

Data Notes

In 2011, the BRFSS changed its methodology from a landline only sample and weighting based on post-stratification to a landline/cell phone sample and raking as the weighting methodology. Raking accounts for variables such as income, education, marital status, and home ownership during weighting and has the potential to more accurately reflect the population distribution. Due to changes in both sampling and the vegetable consumption question format, 2011 data should not be compared to previous years. U.S. data do not include U.S. territories, but do include District of Columbia. Age-adjusted to U.S. 2000 standard population.

Data Sources

  • The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)
  • Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Data, US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).


Vegetables Consumed Three or More Times Per Day by Race, Utah Adults Aged 18+, 2019 & 2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Asian American adults had the highest rate of consuming vegetables three or more times a day in 2021. Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders had the lowest rate of consuming vegetables three or more times a day. This view combines two years of data (2019 and 2021) to obtain reliable estimates. Rates for Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander adults are based on small numbers and to not meet standards for reliability.
Race/Ethnicity group dataAge-adjusted Percentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper LimitNote
Record Count: 7
American Indian/Alaskan Native19.4%14.0%26.3%
Asian18.7%13.4%25.4%
Black/African American11.1%6.8%17.5%
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander7.0%3.3%14.3%Interpret with caution
White12.7%12.1%13.3%
Other9.7%7.5%12.4%
All Races/Ethnicities12.6%12.0%13.2%

Data Notes

Age-adjusted to U.S. 2000 standard population based on 3 age groups: 18-34, 35-49, and 50+. The data for this indicator are collected only in odd years. This view combines two years of data to get reliable estimates. Note the total for the state refers to two years of combined data. Other indicators for vegetable consumption may have sufficient data for reliable estimates with one year of data.

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)


Vegetables Consumed Three or More Times Per Day by Ethnicity, Utah Adults Aged 18+, 2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Hispanic adults had a lower rate of consuming three servings of vegetables daily than non-Hispanic adults and Utahns overall.
Hispanic EthnicityAge-adjusted Percentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 3
Hispanic/Latino11.5%9.0%14.6%
Non-Hispanic/Latino12.9%12.0%13.8%
All Ethnicities12.6%11.8%13.5%

Data Notes

Age-adjusted to U.S. 2000 standard population.

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)


Vegetables Consumed Three or More Times Per Day by Local Health District, Utah, 2019 & 2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

None of the local health districts had a rate of vegetable consumption that was statistically significantly different from the state rate.
Local Health DistrictAge-adjusted Percentage of Adults 18+Lower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 14
Bear River10.4%8.5%12.7%
Central10.8%8.5%13.6%
Davis County11.9%10.3%13.8%
Salt Lake County13.5%12.4%14.6%
San Juan16.1%10.4%24.1%
Southeast12.8%9.2%17.6%
Southwest11.9%9.8%14.3%
Summit14.7%11.2%19.0%
Tooele13.5%10.2%17.7%
TriCounty12.6%9.9%15.8%
Utah County13.5%12.3%14.8%
Wasatch11.9%8.6%16.2%
Weber-Morgan11.1%9.4%13.1%
State of Utah12.6%12.0%13.2%

Data Notes

Age-adjusted to U.S. 2000 standard population.[[br]]

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)


Vegetables Consumed Three or More Times Per Day by Age and Sex, Utah, 2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Females have higher rates of eating vegetables three or more times a day than males across every age group. The overall crude rate of consuming vegetabes 3 or more times a day for 2021 was 12.4% (not shown in the table).
Males vs. FemalesAge GroupPercentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 12
Male18-3410.5%8.5%12.8%
Male35-4914.0%11.8%16.5%
Male50-6410.1%8.1%12.4%
Male65+9.6%7.8%11.7%
Female18-3412.3%10.0%15.0%
Female35-4916.6%14.3%19.3%
Female50-6413.9%11.6%16.4%
Female65+11.6%9.6%14.0%
Total18-3411.4%9.8%13.1%
Total35-4915.3%13.7%17.1%
Total50-6412.0%10.5%13.7%
Total65+10.7%9.3%12.2%

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)


Vegetables Consumed Three or More Times Per Day by Utah Small Area, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019, 2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

There was considerable variation in the percentage of adults consuming vegetables three or more times a day by small area. Note that the estimate for some of the small areas did not meet the Utah Department of Health standards for reliability and should be interpreted with caution.
Utah Small AreasAge-adjusted Percentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper LimitNote
Record Count: 100
Brigham City11.8%8.7%15.9%
Box Elder Co (Other) V210.3%6.4%16.0%
Tremonton14.8%10.3%20.9%
Logan V213.9%11.5%16.9%
North Logan13.4%9.8%18.0%
Cache (Other)/Rich (All) V212.8%9.4%17.1%
Hyrum11.0%6.8%17.5%
Smithfield21.4%15.1%29.4%
Ben Lomond12.6%10.0%15.8%Lower than the state
Weber County (East)15.8%12.7%19.5%
Morgan County11.5%6.9%18.7%
Ogden (Downtown)12.4%9.6%15.8%Lower than the state
South Ogden16.9%13.6%20.8%
Roy/Hooper13.9%11.2%17.2%
Riverdale14.2%10.3%19.2%
Clearfield Area/Hooper13.7%11.2%16.7%
Layton/South Weber12.9%10.8%15.3%
Kaysville/Fruit Heights16.4%13.1%20.4%
Syracuse11.0%8.1%14.8%
Centerville13.8%9.2%20.0%
Farmington12.7%9.0%17.5%
North Salt Lake12.2%8.2%17.8%
Woods Cross/West Bountiful14.0%9.4%20.4%
Bountiful14.7%11.9%17.9%
SLC (Rose Park)15.7%11.8%20.6%
SLC (Avenues)22.4%17.1%28.8%Higher than the state
SLC (Foothill/East Bench)21.1%16.1%27.1%Higher than the state
Magna10.9%7.8%14.9%
SLC (Glendale) V212.8%8.7%18.3%
West Valley (Center)15.6%12.4%19.5%
West Valley (West) V211.3%7.9%15.9%
West Valley (East) V213.2%10.3%16.7%Lower than the state
SLC (Downtown) V217.1%13.2%21.8%
SLC (Southeast Liberty)21.9%17.1%27.6%
South Salt Lake11.4%8.0%16.0%
SLC (Sugar House)18.9%15.3%23.3%
Millcreek (South)21.0%15.8%27.5%Higher than the state
Millcreek (East)18.4%13.8%24.0%
Holladay V218.4%14.1%23.6%
Cottonwood15.8%12.7%19.5%
Kearns V212.5%9.4%16.5%Lower than the state
Taylorsville (E)/Murray (W)12.7%9.4%16.9%
Taylorsville (West)12.8%9.8%16.5%
Murray13.5%10.2%17.5%
Midvale14.1%10.5%18.7%
West Jordan (Northeast) V213.3%9.8%17.8%
West Jordan (Southeast)13.1%10.1%16.9%
West Jordan (W)/Copperton12.4%9.3%16.3%
South Jordan V215.1%12.3%18.5%
Daybreak14.9%10.9%20.1%
Sandy (West)14.2%10.3%19.3%
Sandy (Center) V216.8%13.0%21.5%
Sandy (Northeast)19.5%15.1%24.7%
Sandy (Southeast)15.9%12.1%20.8%
Draper18.0%14.1%22.6%
Riverton/Bluffdale16.6%13.5%20.2%
Herriman11.7%9.1%15.1%
Tooele County (Other)12.3%9.0%16.7%Lower than the state
Tooele Valley13.1%10.7%15.9%
Eagle Mountain/Cedar Valley10.3%7.5%14.0%Lower than the state
Lehi14.5%11.9%17.6%
Saratoga Springs13.5%9.5%18.9%
American Fork20.0%16.8%23.6%Higher than the state
Alpine19.5%13.5%27.5%Higher than the state
Pleasant Grove/Lindon17.4%14.6%20.6%
Orem (North)16.5%13.0%20.7%Higher than the state
Orem (West)19.8%15.8%24.5%
Orem (East)15.5%11.7%20.3%
Provo/BYU13.2%10.3%16.6%
Provo (West City Center)14.0%10.6%18.3%
Provo (East City Center)10.3%6.3%16.5%
Salem City16.0%10.3%24.0%
Spanish Fork13.3%10.5%16.5%
Springville16.2%12.5%20.9%
Mapleton18.5%13.2%25.4%
Utah County (South) V212.4%7.9%19.0%
Payson19.9%15.6%25.1%Higher than the state
Park City19.1%15.8%22.8%
Summit County (East)12.5%9.4%16.3%
Wasatch County15.4%12.8%18.6%Higher than the state
Daggett and Uintah County14.1%11.8%16.7%
Duchesne County11.5%9.2%14.4%
Nephi/Mona11.9%7.9%17.6%
Delta/Fillmore11.1%7.4%16.5%
Sanpete Valley14.4%11.2%18.3%
Central (Other)13.0%10.2%16.4%
Richfield/Monroe/Salina6.7%4.5%9.9%
Carbon County10.4%7.8%13.8%Lower than the state
Emery County11.8%7.9%17.2%
Grand County23.0%16.5%31.1%
Blanding/Monticello19.1%14.0%25.6%
San Juan County (Other)18.0%10.0%30.1%
St. George13.4%11.2%16.0%
Washington Co (Other) V219.7%13.8%27.3%
Washington City12.5%8.7%17.7%
Hurricane/La Verkin13.6%9.7%18.7%
Ivins/Santa Clara12.4%7.7%19.3%
Cedar City14.5%11.6%18.1%
Southwest LHD (Other)11.9%8.7%16.0%
State of Utah14.6%14.2%15.0%

Data Notes

Age-adjusted to U.S. 2000 standard population. A description of the Utah Small Areas may be found on the Methodology and Guidelines page: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/resource/Guidelines.html].

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)


Vegetables Consumed Three or More Times Per Day by Income, Utah, 2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Adults in high-income households had higher rates of vegetable consumption than adults in low-income households.
Income CategoryAge-adjusted Percentage of AdultsLower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 5
<$25,0009.5%7.1%12.6%
$25,000-$49,99913.0%10.9%15.3%
$50,000-$74,99910.9%9.1%13.1%
$75,000+14.5%13.2%16.0%
Total12.6%11.8%13.5%

Data Notes

Age-adjusted to U.S. 2000 standard population.

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)


Vegetables Consumed Three or More Times Per Day by Education, Utah, 2021

::chart - missing::
confidence limits

Adults who were college graduates had higher rates of consuming vegetables three or more times a day than adults with lower levels of education. Rates shown for this indicator are limited to adults aged 25 and over.
Education LevelAge-adjusted Percentage of Adults 25+Lower LimitUpper Limit
Record Count: 5
Less Than High School7.1%4.5%11.0%
H.S. Grad or G.E.D.11.4%9.6%13.5%
Some Post High School12.4%11.0%14.1%
College Graduate15.9%14.5%17.3%
Total13.0%12.2%14.0%

Data Notes

Age-adjusted to U.S. 2000 standard population. Percentages include only adults aged 25 or older.

Data Source

The Utah Department of Health and Human Services Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)

References and Community Resources

CDC. ''Can eating fruits and vegetables help people to manage their weight?'' [http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/nutrition/pdf/rtp_practitioner_10_07.pdf/ Research to Practice Series No. 1][br] World Cancer Research Fund, American Institute for Cancer Research. [https://www.wcrf.org/dietandcancer/about/ Diet, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Cancer: a Global Perspective.] October 2018. [https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/ Dietary_Guidelines_for_Americans_2020-2025.pdf] [https://www.uspm.com/fruits-and-veggies-more-matters/ Produce for Better Health, Fruits & Veggies--More Matters]

More Resources and Links

Evidence-based community health improvement ideas and interventions may be found at the following sites:
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) WONDER Database, a system for disseminating public health data and information.
  • United States Census Bureau data dashboard.
  • Utah healthy Places Index, evidence-based and peer-reviewed tool, supports efforts to prioritize equitable community investments, develop critical programs and policies across the state, and much more.
  • County Health Rankings
  • Kaiser Family Foundation's StateHealthFacts.org
  • Medical literature can be queried at PubMed library.



Page Content Updated On 11/01/2022, Published on 12/20/2022
The information provided above is from the Utah Department of Health and Human Services IBIS-PH web site (http://ibis.health.state.gov). The information published on this website may be reproduced without permission. Please use the following citation: " Retrieved Thu, 28 March 2024 4:57:15 from Utah Department of Health and Human Services, Indicator-Based Information System for Public Health Web site: http://ibis.health.state.gov ".

Content updated: Tue, 20 Dec 2022 15:42:28 MST