Important Facts for Immunizations - Pneumonia, Adults
Definition
Percentage of adults 65+ who reported receiving a pneumococcal vaccination at any point in their lifetime.Numerator
Number of survey respondents age 65+ who reported receiving a pneomococcal vaccine anytime during their life.Denominator
Number of survey respondents age 65+.Why Is This Important?
Pneumococcal disease is a serious infection of the lungs, blood, or outer lining of the brain. Each year it kills more people in the United States than all other vaccine preventable diseases combined. The most common form of serious pneumococcal disease among adults is pneumonia. The clinical results of pneumonia and influenza are often indistinguishable and are grouped together as the 8th leading cause of death in Utah. Utah had a significantly lower rate of hospitalizations due to bacterial pneumonia than the U.S. each year from 2006 through 2011^1^.[[br]] [[br]] ====Pneumococcal Vaccines==== There are two pneumococcal vaccines that are licensed for use in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA): * Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13 or Prevnar 13) * Pneumococcal polysacchardie vaccine (PPSV23 or Pneumovax23)[[br]] [[br]] The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) is recommended for: * all babies and children younger than 2 years old * all adults age 65 years and older * people with chronic illnesses (e.g., diabetes, heart, lung or kidney disease) * people with compromised immune systems (including people with HIV) * Those with cochlear implants or cerebrospinal fluid leaks * Individuals who smoke cigarettes[[br]] [[br]] The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) is recommended for: *All adults 65 years or older * people with chronic illnesses (e.g., diabetes, heart, lung or kidney disease) * people with compromised immune systems (including people with HIV) * Those with cochlear implants or cerebrospinal fluid leaks * Individuals who smoke cigarettes [[br]] ====Is it necessary to receive booster doses of pneumococcal vaccine?==== Those who should get a booster include: * people age 65 and older who received the vaccine before age 65, if more than five years have passed * people who have received a transplant * people with chronic kidney disease * people with compromised immune systems [[br]] Adults who are 65 years or older and who have not previously received PCV13, should receive a dose of PCV13 first, followed 6 to 12 months later by a dose of PPSV23. If someone has already received one or more doses of PPSV23, the dose of PCV13 should be given at least 1 year after the most recent dose of PPSV23^2^. A 2006 study published in the medical journal Clinical Infectious Diseases found that hospital patients who received the pneumococcal vaccine were 40 to 70 percent less likely to die than unvaccinated patients. In the study, vaccinated patients had a lower risk of respiratory failure, kidney failure, heart attack, and other complications. Vaccinated patients in the study also spent an average of two fewer days in the hospital^3^.[[br]] [[br]] ---- 1. IBIS-PH. Health Indicator Report of Ambulatory Care Sensitive Condition: Bacterial Pneumonia Hospitalization Among Adults. Retrieved from: [http://ibis.health.utah.gov/indicator/view/ACS_PneuHosp.html][[br]] 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). ''Pneumococcal Vaccination: Who Needs It?'' Retrieved from: [http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/pneumo/vacc-in-short.htm][[br]] 3. Vila-Crcoles, et al. Protective Effects of the 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in the Elderly Population: The EVAN-65 Study. ''Clinical Infectious Diseases''. Retrieved from: [http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/43/7/860.full]Healthy People Objective IID-13.1:
Increase the percentage of noninstitutionalized adults aged 65 years and older adults who are vaccinated against pneumococcal diseaseU.S. Target: 90.0 percent
