Complete Health Indicator Report of Obesity prior to pregnancy
Definition
Percentage of women who delivered a live birth and had a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30.0 kg/m^2^ calculated from pre-pregnancy weight and height.Numerator
The number of women who delivered a live birth and had a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30.0 kg/m^2^ calculated from pre-pregnancy weight and height.Denominator
Total number of live births.Why Is This Important?
Women who are not at a healthy weight prior to pregnancy are at increased risk of adverse maternal and infant outcomes. Women who are obese prior to pregnancy have longer hospital stays and higher utilization of medical care during pregnancy.Healthy People Objective MICH-16.5:
Increase the proportion of women delivering a live birth who had a healthy weight prior to pregnancyU.S. Target: 53.4 percent
How Are We Doing?
The percentage of Utah women with a healthy pre-pregnancy BMI (18.5 - 25) has decreased over the last decade to a low of 46.5% in 2021. Utah's rate is the same as the Healthy People 2030 objective of 47.1%. The proportion of Utah women with an obese pre-pregnancy BMI has increased each year from 14.5% in 2005 to 24.3% in 2021.What Is Being Done?
In an effort to reduce the rate of obesity in reproductive-aged women, the emphasis is being placed on maternal preconception health to help women achieve optimal weight and health prior to pregnancy. Women should be counseled on their weight by their primary caregivers as part of well-woman care and should be informed of their increased risks for adverse outcomes once becoming pregnant if they are at an unhealthy weight. Women who are pregnant should be counseled about appropriate weight gain during pregnancy and postpartum weight loss to prevent obesity in future pregnancies. The Utah Department of Health and Human Services' Healthy Environments Active Living Program has information on healthy eating and physical activity for all Utah citizens: [https://heal.health.utah.gov/]Related Indicators
Relevant Population Characteristics
Higher rates of obesity are found among women who are: * older than 30 years of age * of lower education levels * of Hispanic ethnicity * of Pacific Islander, Black, or American Indian/Native Alaskan race * living below 100% of the federal poverty level * uninsured prior to pregnancyRelated Relevant Population Characteristics Indicators:
- Daily Fruit Consumption
- Daily Vegetable Consumption
- Utah Population Characteristics: Age Distribution of the Population
- Utah population characteristics: Education level in the population
- No health insurance coverage
- Obesity Among Adults
- Overweight or Obese
- Physical Activity: Recommended Aerobic Activity Among Adults
- Utah Population Characteristics: Poverty, All Persons
- Utah population characteristics: racial and ethnic composition of the population
Health Care System Factors
Health care system factors relate to access to routine well woman care and low reported rates of counseling by health care providers.Related Health Care System Factors Indicators:
Risk Factors
Physical activity and a healthy diet are both important for maintaining a healthy weight. Anyone whose calorie intake exceeds the number of calories they burn is at risk.Related Risk Factors Indicators:
Health Status Outcomes
Studies show that obese pregnant women are at increased risk for: * gestational diabetes * preeclampsia * eclampsia * cesarean section * macrosomia * instrumental delivery (i.e. forceps, vacuum) * fetal distress * antepartum stillbirth * early neonatal death * longer laborsRelated Health Status Outcomes Indicators:
Graphical Data Views
Obese BMI prior to pregnancy, Utah women, 1993-2021
| Year | Percentage of women | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Record Count: 29 | ||||||
| 1993 | 9.6% | 9.3% | 9.9% | |||
| 1994 | 10.0% | 9.7% | 10.3% | |||
| 1995 | 10.8% | 10.5% | 11.2% | |||
| 1996 | 11.1% | 10.8% | 11.5% | |||
| 1997 | 10.6% | 10.3% | 10.9% | |||
| 1998 | 11.3% | 11.0% | 11.6% | |||
| 1999 | 12.0% | 11.6% | 12.3% | |||
| 2000 | 12.6% | 12.3% | 13.0% | |||
| 2001 | 13.3% | 13.0% | 13.7% | |||
| 2002 | 13.5% | 13.2% | 13.8% | |||
| 2003 | 14.0% | 13.7% | 14.4% | |||
| 2004 | 14.5% | 14.2% | 14.8% | |||
| 2005 | 14.5% | 14.1% | 14.8% | |||
| 2006 | 15.0% | 14.7% | 15.3% | |||
| 2007 | 15.4% | 15.0% | 15.7% | |||
| 2008 | 16.0% | 15.7% | 16.3% | |||
| 2009 | 16.3% | 16.0% | 16.7% | |||
| 2010 | 16.7% | 16.3% | 17.0% | |||
| 2011 | 17.4% | 17.0% | 17.8% | |||
| 2012 | 18.0% | 17.6% | 18.4% | |||
| 2013 | 18.5% | 18.2% | 18.9% | |||
| 2014 | 19.1% | 18.7% | 19.5% | |||
| 2015 | 20.1% | 19.7% | 20.5% | |||
| 2016 | 21.0% | 20.6% | 21.4% | |||
| 2017 | 21.6% | 21.2% | 22.0% | |||
| 2018 | 22.6% | 22.2% | 23.0% | |||
| 2019 | 23.2% | 22.7% | 23.6% | |||
| 2020 | 23.7% | 23.3% | 24.2% | |||
| 2021 | 24.3% | 23.8% | 24.7% | |||
Data Notes
Obesity for adults is defined as a BMI of 30 or more. BMI is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by the square of height in meters.Data Source
Utah Birth Certificate Database, Office of Vital Records and Statistics, Utah Department of Health and Human ServicesObese BMI prior to pregnancy by race, Utah, 2020-2021
| Race | Percentage of women | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Record Count: 6 | ||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 40.9% | 37.0% | 44.9% | |||
| Asian | 10.0% | 8.8% | 11.3% | |||
| Black, African American | 29.9% | 27.3% | 32.5% | |||
| Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 58.0% | 53.0% | 63.0% | |||
| White | 23.4% | 23.1% | 24.3% | |||
| All Races | 24.0% | 23.7% | 24.3% | |||
Data Notes
Obesity for adults is defined as a BMI of 30 or more. BMI is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by the square of height in meters.Data Source
Utah Birth Certificate Database, Office of Vital Records and Statistics, Utah Department of Health and Human ServicesObese BMI prior to pregnancy by ethnicity, Utah, 2020-2021
| Hispanic Ethnicity | Percentage of women | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Record Count: 4 | ||||||
| Hispanic/Latino | 29.0% | 28.2% | 29.9% | |||
| Non-Hispanic/Latino | 24.3% | 23.9% | 24.6% | |||
| Unknown Ethnicity | 23.3% | 21.7% | 25.0% | |||
| All Ethnicities | 24.0% | 24.3% | 23.7% | |||
Data Notes
Obesity for adults is defined as a BMI of 30 or more. BMI is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by the square of height in meters.Data Source
Utah Birth Certificate Database, Office of Vital Records and Statistics, Utah Department of Health and Human ServicesObese BMI prior to pregnancy by Local health district, Utah, 2019-2021
| Local Health District | Percentage of women | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Record Count: 14 | ||||||
| Bear River | 26.7% | 25.7% | 27.8% | |||
| Central | 23.5% | 21.8% | 25.1% | |||
| Davis County | 23.8% | 23.0% | 24.5% | |||
| Salt Lake County | 24.3% | 23.8% | 24.7% | |||
| San Juan | 36.5% | 31.3% | 41.7% | |||
| Southeast | 26.3% | 23.5% | 29.0% | |||
| Southwest | 21.8% | 20.8% | 22.7% | |||
| Summit | 12.8% | 10.8% | 14.8% | |||
| Tooele | 30.8% | 28.9% | 32.8% | |||
| TriCounty | 28.8% | 26.7% | 31.0% | |||
| Utah County | 20.5% | 20.0% | 21.0% | |||
| Wasatch | 17.9% | 15.5% | 20.3% | |||
| Weber-Morgan | 29.0% | 28.0% | 30.0% | |||
| State of Utah | 23.7% | 23.5% | 24.0% | |||
Data Notes
Obesity for adults is defined as a BMI of 30 or more. BMI is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by the square of height in meters.Data Source
Utah Birth Certificate Database, Office of Vital Records and Statistics, Utah Department of Health and Human ServicesObese BMI prior to pregnancy by county, Utah, 2019-2021
| County | Percentage of women | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | Note | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Record Count: 30 | ||||||
| Beaver | 27.9% | 21.8% | 34.1% | |||
| Box Elder | 29.9% | 27.7% | 32.0% | |||
| Cache | 25.6% | 24.3% | 26.8% | |||
| Carbon | 31.9% | 27.7% | 36.1% | |||
| Daggett | ** | **Suppressed | ||||
| Davis | 23.8% | 23.0% | 24.5% | |||
| Duchesne | 27.9% | 24.4% | 31.5% | |||
| Emery | 23.5% | 18.4% | 28.7% | |||
| Garfield | 18.5% | 12.1% | 24.9% | |||
| Grand | 15.9% | 11.3% | 20.4% | |||
| Iron | 24.3% | 22.4% | 26.3% | |||
| Juab | 21.1% | 17.4% | 24.9% | |||
| Kane | 21.0% | 15.5% | 26.5% | |||
| Millard | 23.9% | 19.9% | 27.9% | |||
| Morgan | 17.0% | 13.1% | 20.9% | |||
| Piute | ** | **Suppressed | ||||
| Rich | 21.8% | 12.0% | 31.7% | |||
| Salt Lake | 24.3% | 23.8% | 24.7% | |||
| San Juan | 36.5% | 31.3% | 41.7% | |||
| Sanpete | 25.1% | 22.3% | 28.0% | |||
| Sevier | 23.8% | 20.5% | 27.1% | |||
| Summit | 12.8% | 10.8% | 14.8% | |||
| Tooele | 30.8% | 28.9% | 32.8% | |||
| Uintah | 29.3% | 26.6% | 32.0% | |||
| Utah | 20.5% | 20.0% | 21.0% | |||
| Wasatch | 17.9% | 15.5% | 20.3% | |||
| Washington | 20.7% | 19.6% | 21.8% | |||
| Wayne | 20.4% | 11.7% | 29.1% | |||
| Weber | 29.5% | 28.4% | 30.5% | |||
| State | 23.7% | 23.5% | 24.0% | |||
Data Notes
Obesity for adults is defined as a BMI of 30 or more. BMI is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by the square of height in meters. [[br]] [[br]] **The estimate has been suppressed because it has a relative standard error greater than 50% and does not meet UDOH standards for reliability.Data Source
Utah Birth Certificate Database, Office of Vital Records and Statistics, Utah Department of Health and Human ServicesObese BMI prior to pregnancy by Utah small area, 2019-2021
| Utah Small Areas | Percentage of women | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Record Count: 100 | ||||||
| Brigham City | 31.7% | 28.3% | 35.1% | |||
| Box Elder Co (Other) V2 | 26.1% | 21.5% | 30.7% | |||
| Tremonton | 30.0% | 26.5% | 33.6% | |||
| Logan V2 | 24.5% | 22.6% | 26.3% | |||
| North Logan | 24.9% | 22.1% | 27.7% | |||
| Cache (Other)/Rich (All) V2 | 25.1% | 22.0% | 28.2% | |||
| Hyrum | 26.8% | 22.4% | 31.1% | |||
| Smithfield | 29.3% | 25.5% | 33.1% | |||
| Ben Lomond | 30.8% | 28.8% | 32.9% | |||
| Weber County (East) | 22.8% | 20.2% | 25.4% | |||
| Morgan County | 17.2% | 13.2% | 21.1% | |||
| Ogden (Downtown) | 30.0% | 27.5% | 32.5% | |||
| South Ogden | 29.7% | 26.9% | 32.4% | |||
| Roy/Hooper | 30.6% | 28.2% | 33.0% | |||
| Riverdale | 30.6% | 27.4% | 33.8% | |||
| Clearfield Area/Hooper | 30.3% | 28.5% | 32.2% | |||
| Layton/South Weber | 23.9% | 22.4% | 25.5% | |||
| Kaysville/Fruit Heights | 19.0% | 16.7% | 21.4% | |||
| Syracuse | 24.0% | 21.2% | 26.8% | |||
| Centerville | 19.6% | 16.1% | 23.0% | |||
| Farmington | 17.3% | 14.4% | 20.1% | |||
| North Salt Lake | 22.4% | 19.6% | 25.2% | |||
| Woods Cross/West Bountiful | 22.5% | 18.9% | 26.2% | |||
| Bountiful | 20.7% | 18.7% | 22.6% | |||
| SLC (Rose Park) | 35.8% | 32.6% | 39.0% | |||
| SLC (Avenues) | 11.1% | 8.3% | 13.8% | |||
| SLC (Foothill/East Bench) | 11.6% | 9.2% | 14.1% | |||
| Magna | 36.1% | 32.9% | 39.3% | |||
| SLC (Glendale) V2 | 34.3% | 30.8% | 37.7% | |||
| West Valley (Center) | 35.9% | 33.4% | 38.3% | |||
| West Valley (West) V2 | 33.8% | 30.6% | 36.9% | |||
| West Valley (East) V2 | 31.7% | 29.5% | 34.0% | |||
| SLC (Downtown) V2 | 14.8% | 12.2% | 17.3% | |||
| SLC (Southeast Liberty) | 9.7% | 7.3% | 12.2% | |||
| South Salt Lake | 23.8% | 20.9% | 26.7% | |||
| SLC (Sugar House) | 14.5% | 12.4% | 16.7% | |||
| Millcreek (South) | 14.4% | 11.6% | 17.2% | |||
| Millcreek (East) | 10.3% | 8.1% | 12.5% | |||
| Holladay V2 | 18.2% | 15.2% | 21.1% | |||
| Cottonwood | 15.1% | 13.0% | 17.2% | |||
| Kearns V2 | 36.1% | 33.4% | 38.8% | |||
| Taylorsville (E)/Murray (W) | 26.7% | 24.1% | 29.2% | |||
| Taylorsville (West) | 30.3% | 27.6% | 33.0% | |||
| Murray | 25.2% | 22.7% | 27.6% | |||
| Midvale | 26.5% | 24.1% | 29.0% | |||
| West Jordan (Northeast) V2 | 28.0% | 25.2% | 30.9% | |||
| West Jordan (Southeast) | 27.1% | 24.5% | 29.6% | |||
| West Jordan (W)/Copperton | 28.3% | 26.0% | 30.5% | |||
| South Jordan V2 | 19.0% | 16.7% | 21.3% | |||
| Daybreak | 19.8% | 17.7% | 22.0% | |||
| Sandy (West) | 22.9% | 20.2% | 25.6% | |||
| Sandy (Center) V2 | 19.3% | 16.7% | 21.8% | |||
| Sandy (Northeast) | 10.9% | 8.4% | 13.3% | |||
| Sandy (Southeast) | 14.9% | 12.1% | 17.6% | |||
| Draper | 14.2% | 12.3% | 16.0% | |||
| Riverton/Bluffdale | 18.3% | 16.6% | 20.1% | |||
| Herriman | 22.1% | 20.5% | 23.6% | |||
| Tooele County (Other) | 27.7% | 23.8% | 31.6% | |||
| Tooele Valley | 32.1% | 29.8% | 34.4% | |||
| Eagle Mountain/Cedar Valley | 24.8% | 23.1% | 26.6% | |||
| Lehi | 17.7% | 16.5% | 18.9% | |||
| Saratoga Springs | 20.2% | 18.4% | 22.1% | |||
| American Fork | 16.4% | 14.8% | 18.0% | |||
| Alpine | 14.4% | 10.3% | 18.4% | |||
| Pleasant Grove/Lindon | 19.4% | 17.8% | 21.1% | |||
| Orem (North) | 24.7% | 22.6% | 26.9% | |||
| Orem (West) | 20.6% | 19.0% | 22.1% | |||
| Orem (East) | 17.0% | 14.6% | 19.5% | |||
| Provo/BYU | 14.5% | 12.8% | 16.2% | |||
| Provo (West City Center) | 21.9% | 19.9% | 23.8% | |||
| Provo (East City Center) | 19.6% | 17.5% | 21.8% | |||
| Salem City | 19.8% | 15.6% | 24.0% | |||
| Spanish Fork | 23.6% | 21.6% | 25.6% | |||
| Springville | 19.8% | 17.8% | 21.8% | |||
| Mapleton | 16.4% | 12.7% | 20.2% | |||
| Utah County (South) V2 | 25.6% | 22.5% | 28.8% | |||
| Payson | 26.9% | 24.2% | 29.6% | |||
| Park City | 7.8% | 5.7% | 9.8% | |||
| Summit County (East) | 20.1% | 16.3% | 23.9% | |||
| Wasatch County | 17.9% | 15.5% | 20.4% | |||
| Daggett and Uintah County | 29.3% | 26.6% | 31.9% | |||
| Duchesne County | 27.5% | 24.0% | 31.0% | |||
| Nephi/Mona | 19.2% | 15.4% | 23.0% | |||
| Delta/Fillmore | 24.2% | 19.5% | 28.9% | |||
| Sanpete Valley | 24.3% | 20.8% | 27.7% | |||
| Central (Other) | 24.7% | 21.6% | 27.8% | |||
| Richfield/Monroe/Salina | 24.8% | 20.8% | 28.7% | |||
| Carbon County | 31.8% | 27.6% | 35.9% | |||
| Emery County | 23.4% | 18.4% | 28.5% | |||
| Grand County | 15.9% | 11.3% | 20.4% | |||
| Blanding/Monticello | 27.3% | 21.2% | 33.4% | |||
| San Juan County (Other) | 46.5% | 35.8% | 57.2% | |||
| St. George | 20.0% | 18.6% | 21.5% | |||
| Washington Co (Other) V2 | 23.8% | 19.1% | 28.5% | |||
| Washington City | 19.5% | 16.8% | 22.2% | |||
| Hurricane/La Verkin | 23.9% | 20.8% | 27.0% | |||
| Ivins/Santa Clara | 19.0% | 15.1% | 23.0% | |||
| Cedar City | 23.8% | 21.8% | 25.9% | |||
| Southwest LHD (Other) | 24.7% | 21.5% | 27.9% | |||
| State of Utah | 23.7% | 23.5% | 24.0% | |||
Data Notes
Obesity for adults is defined as a BMI of 30 or more. BMI is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by the square of height in meters. [[br]] [[br]] A description of the Utah Small Areas may be found on IBIS at the following URL: [https://ibis.health.utah.gov/resource/Guidelines.html].Data Source
Utah Birth Certificate Database, Office of Vital Records and Statistics, Utah Department of Health and Human ServicesReferences and Community Resources
Power Your Life: [http://www.poweryourlife.org][[br]] [[br]] Utah Department of Health and Human Services' Healthy Environments Active Living website: [https://heal.health.utah.gov/][[br]] [[br]] ChooseMyPlate - personalized eating plans with special sections for pregnant and breastfeeding women: [https://www.choosemyplate.gov/browse-by-audience/view-all-audiences/adults/moms-pregnancy-breastfeeding] Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Infant Outcomes by Race and Hispanic Origin: United States, 2020 [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr70/nvsr70-16.pdf]More Resources and Links
Evidence-based community health improvement ideas and interventions may be found at the following sites:- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) WONDER Database, a system for disseminating public health data and information.
- United States Census Bureau data dashboard.
- Utah healthy Places Index, evidence-based and peer-reviewed tool, supports efforts to prioritize equitable community investments, develop critical programs and policies across the state, and much more.
- County Health Rankings
- Kaiser Family Foundation's StateHealthFacts.org
- Medical literature can be queried at PubMed library.
Page Content Updated On 01/24/2023,
Published on 01/24/2023